CARAMUEL LOBKOWITZ, Juan, O. Cist.- PHILIPVS | PRVDENS | CAROLI V. IMP. FILIVS | LVSITANIÆ | ALGARBIÆ, INDIÆ, BRASILIÆ | LEGITIMVS REX | DEMONSTRATVS...- Antverpiæ: Ex Officina Plantiniana Balthasaris Moreti, 1639.- [32], 430, [25, 1 br.] p.: il.; 30 cm.- E. Juan Caramuel Lobkowitz (1606-1682), Spanish Cistercian monk, born in Madrid, prestigious intellectual, philosopher and mathematician; maintained epistolary correspondence with great names of the culture of the seventeenth century, namely René Descartes, Athanasius Kircher, etc. Original edition of a work of great graphic apparatus, which seeks to demonstrate the legitimacy of the succession of Philip II of Spain to the throne of Portugal. It is illustrated with an engraving representing the coat of arms of Portugal (back of the half-title), an engraved title, an allegorical engraving depicting Lusitania (f. ****v) and 25 portraits of the kings of Portugal, also copperplate printed, next to the text, by the successive printing process (engraved by Neefs, according to originals by E. Quellinus). Exceptionally clean copy, retaining very wide margins. Heraldic ex-libris on the back cover: Nordkirchen (estate in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, acquired in 1903 by Duke Engelbert-Marie d’Arenberg, where today the Economics School in that state is located). Full burnished rigid parchment contemporary binding, with one of the silk ties missing. Samodães, 582. Palha, 2982. Palau, 43538.