VASCONCELOS, Pe. Simão de, S.J.- CHRONICA | DA | COMPANHIA | DE | JESV | DO ESTADO DO BRASIL: | DO QVE OBRARÃO SEVS FILHOS | NESTA PARTE DO NOVO MVNDO | TOMO PRIMEIRO | DA ENTRADA DA | COMPANHIA DE JESV | NAS PARTES DO BRASIL | & | DOS FVNDAMENTOS QVE NELLAS | Lançârão, & continuàrão seus Religiosos em quanto alli trabalhou o Padre Manoel | da Nobrega...- Lisboa: Na Officina de Henrique Valente de Oliueira, 1663.- [12], 178, [185 a 188], 528, [12] p.: 1 frontispício gravado; 33 cm.- E. First edition of one of the most beautiful productions of Portuguese presses from the 1600s and a fundamental work for the history of Brazil (first and only published volume). In his introduction, Father Simão de Vasconcelos (1597-1671) proposes the theory that the Earthly Paradise would be located in Portuguese America. Although the licenses had been granted, between May 18, 1661 and November 7, 1662 (?), the Father Visitador considered that such an assertion was contrary to the dogmas of the Catholic faith and demanded that this passage be deleted. Thus, in all known copies the pagination jumps from p. 178 to 185. At the end, between pages 481 and 528 it includes the Latin poem "De Beata Virgine Dei Matre Maria", by Father José de Anchieta who composed it «...quando esteve em refens entre Indios barbaros, com a ajuda da Virgem, escrevendo na praia em lugar de papel, que alli não tinha, nem tinta». The engraved frontispiece, which is missing in many examples, was recovered and mounted on a stub, with reinforcement of the inner margin, and has some minor restorations. Several leaves with small restorations on the lower outer corner. Folio N4 (p. 103/104) with stain and tear poorly restored, but not lacking in support. Otherwise a clean and solid copy, slightly cropped, covered in 20th century full sheepskin binding with some wear, weak joints and a damaged turn in at the top of the spine. Provenance: lot 842 at Silva’s/Pedro de Azevedo auction, October 1999 (same copy). Borba de Moraes, p. 888. Sabin, 98651. Rodrigues, 2457. Inocêncio, VII, p. 286. Samodãoes, 3443. Arouca, V 51.